The Interwar Years (1920-1939)

The rise of Stalin (1924-1953)
Lenin's stroke (1922) and death (1924)
Trotsky's exile and assassination
NKVD- secret police
Comintern agitators
Collectivization & 
     the first 5year plan
Propaganda
The Great Terror 
    (1930s)

Problems with Versailles
imperialism
New nations brought dislocation
Unemployment and inflation
The League of Nations 
US refuses to join
Successes in Latin
    America, small European nations 
Failure in major disputes

Challenges from within Europe
"Red scares" in Spain/Portugal
Weimar Republic in Germany
	-Nazis challenge democracy
Eastern Europe
	-Communism challenges democracy

Challenges from within Europe continued
Conflict in Ireland
UK stable politically, economic decline
France politically unstable, economic decline

European international relations
Franco-German relations
Washington Naval Conference
Locarno Treaties
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

India
India Act (1919)
Amritsar Massacre 
Gandhi

Southeast Asia
Reforms in Dutch East Indies
France crushes protests in Indochina
Philippines moves toward independence
 
Anti-colonialism in the Middle East and Africa 
Dividing former Ottoman Territories
Balfour Declaration (1917)
Modernism in Turkey and Iran
Africa

The Great Depression
Causes
	-production exceeded consumption
	-buying on credit
	-paper money,stocks, etc. worthless
	- THE CRASH

THE RISE OF DICTATORSHIPS
Fascist Italy
Formed by Benito Mussolini (1915)
Fascist Ideology
	-statism
	-nationalism
	-militarism
Mussolini consolidates power
	-1929 Concordant w/ the Vatican

Japanese aggression
The impact of the Depression
Japan seizes Manchuria (1931)
Japan attacks mainland China (1937)
Us response

Hitler comes to power
Background
	-1923 Beer Hall Putsch
Germany following WWI
	-unfairness of Versailles Treaty
	- �November criminals�
Elections of 1932
Enabling Act (1933)
Death of Hindenburg (1934)

Nazi aggression
Remilitarization of the Rhineland
Soviet response
Spanish Civil War
Anschluss (March 1938)

Responses to Nazi aggression
the Munich conference (Sudetenland)
Europe's response
US response
Nazi-Soviet Pact (Aug 1939)